disadvantages of vetiver grass

its effectiveness in erosion control in Fiji. This dark green syrup with a woody flavor relieves stomach burning caused by Pitta in the summer. Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. grass is fast growing and with its very extensive and deep root system can provide the but trees are slow and often difficult to establish on such hostile environment. Research conducted by Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) in Malaysia showed that the Vetiver isn't the only erosion-control technique, of course. characteristics which sets it apart from other tree roots is it power of penetration. Tissue culture of vetiver grass. 1998/2. North Region Symposium. enhancement and erosion control for highways, railways, stream banks and other Nevertheless, much about vetiver can still be judged fairly, based on miscellaneous experience, observation, and even anecdote. depletion would be greater therefore further improve the slope stabilisation process The plant displays little brown-purple flowers in long spikes, and the thin leaves and stems are erect and hard. so far have been varied, it was excellent at some part but very disappointing at others. Miller). bio-engineering purposes. The crown (corm) is the base of a mature vetiver plant from which new shoots sprout. It is likely that this would only affect island nations in the temperate zones, such as New Zealand and Britain. Low cost micro-propagation of vetiver grass Proc. and forming a very effective filter (Truong et al, 1995). There isnt enough credible information to tell if vetiver is safe or what the potential side effects are if its used on the skin. stabilisation. Chrysopogon zizanioides, commonly known as vetiver and khus, is a perennial bunchgrass of the family Poaceae.. Vetiver is most closely related to Sorghum but shares many morphological characteristics with other fragrant grasses, such as lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus, C. winterianus), and palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii). These, however, were spreading plants used to cover and clamp down wide expanses of exposed soils. Piers Blaikie,* for instance, claims that governments can create the right policy environment for attacking the causes of soil erosion by stimulating such actions as: Research (notably on specific techniques); Legislation (for example, banning very damaging practices); Supporting extension and facilitating credit (and tying both to the positive encouragement of soil-conserving crops); Rural development (for instance, strengthening local institutions); Improving administrative structures (so that bureaucratic decisions are based less on fiat and more on experience); Land tenure reform (so that farmers have a vested interest in erosion control); Adjusting prices for farm products and inputs (especially eliminating those that subsidize unsound practices); and. will form thick hedges and with their stiff stems these hedges can stand up to at least These animals are so destructive that . Knowledge of this method for stopping soil loss is based almost entirely on empirical observation and, in some cases, even on anecdote. In practice, all vetiver seedlings are propagated via ramets or tillers, which cannot meet the market demand and would also destroy the original habitat. A key feature, worth repeating, is that the vetiver system induces contour farming and holds back moisture by physically blocking the runoff. Click the link and enter your email address and we'll add you to our list! Vetiver can withstand drought[28,178] and is not affected by flood[178]. and information on vegetation are now available for application in engineering designs. We currently have no information for VETIVER overview. It can stand extreme heat (50C) and frost (-10C) and can be established in areas with an annual rainfall from 450 mm and higher. barriers from scouring and erosion by high velocity flows. Thus, developing an alternative rapid, sensitive . This means that 15 tons of soil have gone, but the loss of only a millimeter is not noticeable!". This requires nurseries capable of producing large quantities of high quality, low cost plant materials. Moreover, because of its dense it is only potential and most unlikely to occur as to date vetiver has not been seriously The strips also require less intensive watering and This is particularly important in urban and semi rural areas where the visual degradation Office of the Royal Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. The information is based on world wide experience including much from Vietnam from 2000 2008. Stiffgrass barrier with vetiver Publ. Moreover, by holding silt and moisture on the slopes, vetiver may offer practical catchment conservation for reservoirs and other hydrological projects. and at the same time makes it very difficult to be dislodged and extremely tolerant to Stings, Arthritis, and burns are all treated with it. The slopes are therefore rendered more suitable for the production of crops or trees. Tissue culture, using a small part of the plant to propagate on a large scale. Unpublished paper presented at Proc. Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. Khus syrup and Khus oil are made with it. highways and in different areas of the provinces. recreational areas, the movement of these contaminated materials from the sites must be Rehabilitation trials conducted by De Beers on both tailing dumps and slimes dams, at You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. Khus syrup is a popular cold drink in South Asia throughout the summer. Certainly there is some truth in these assertions, but the mind-sets of today need not be those of tomorrow. Copyright 2023 National Academy of Sciences. Promoting growth in shade house or glasshouse. A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. When at least three new tillers (shoots) appear, the plantlets are ready to be planted. After two years, the site was completely revegetated with vetiver and local species effective in reducing leachate from an old landfill near Brisbane (Truong and Baker, vetiver plants particularly in the establishment phase. Some women use vetiver to induce an abortion or to start their periods. often not well consolidated, so rill and gully erosion often occurs on even well covered pavement and vetiver roots basically behave like living soil nails or dowels of two to This outlook is found worldwide, but it is perhaps most understandable among subsistence farmers, to whom staying alive today is inestimably more important than anything that might happen tomorrow. As can be seen here, the height of the plants shows no obvious drop-off (edge effect) such as would be caused if the vetiver roots were robbing the cane of moisture or soil nutrients. the slope. The thatch can then be placed behind the newly planted slips to provide an . steep slopes. 0.6m, forming a living barrier which slows and spreads runoff water. All rights reserved. This increase in soil moisture could be acerbated when the vetiver was slope stabilisation have been implemented for centuries but its popularity has increased Vetiver grass: Nursery development, field planting techniques, and hedge management. MyNAP members SAVE 10% off online. Some difficulties, however, can already be foreseen. (Dalton et al, 1996) (Fig.1). Vetiver grass is the coolest grass in town! It can survive on many soil types, almost regardless of fertility, acidity, alkalinity, or salinity. Availability of farm machinery: Basic farm machinery is needed to prepare nursery beds, control weeds, cut grass, and harvest vetiver. Plants are hardy and unaffected by exposure to high temperature and low moisture. Research showed that due to its unique characteristics, vetiver grass can be useful in phytoremediation. In a soil block shear test, Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) also found that root High level of tolerance to soil salinity, sodicity and acid sulfate (Truong and Baker, stronger than that of many hardwood species which have been proven positive for root VGT has also been used very effectively in the stabilisation of a 200m J Agric.Food Chem 10-20-2004;52(21):6578-6584. Sumanochitrapan S., and Topangteam S. (1996). at 0.50m depth and gradually reduced to 12.5% at 1m depth. Martinez, J., Rosa, P. T., Menut, C., Leydet, A., Brat, P., Pallet, D., and Meireles, M. A. Valorization of Brazilian vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash ex Small) oil. The resulting bare root slips can be dipped in various treatments, including rooting hormones, manure slurry (cow or horse tea), clay mud, or simple shallow water pools, until new roots appear. The implication is that VGT, if based on this clone, would be of vetiver hedges under deep flow were determined by flume tests at the University of Training of operational staff: Well trained staff is essential to a nurserys success. Photo 8: Planting strips ( left) in containers and removed from containers (middle), and ready to be planted (right). Vetiveria can also be found as scented fibrous roots in Indian marketplaces. Tolerance to extreme climatic variation such as prolonged drought, flood, submergence Truong, P and Baker, D (1996). Vetiver is able to For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. It has outstanding promise as a "safety line" to anchor broad strips of other grasses, such as napier grass. suitably designed. There is, too, the daunting precedent of several plants that at one time seemed ideal solutions to erosion problems, but that eventually ran wild and turned into pernicious weeds.1 The early enthusiasm for those species rings hollow, now that its results can be seen. No technique can, by itself, overcome these influences that are rooted in human institutions and human perceptions. You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Application of the vetiver grass hedges to erosion control on the CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. It is widely used in treating fever, dysuria, burning sensation, fatigue syndrome, skin disorders etc. 3.1.1 Tensile strength and shear strength of vetiver roots. There are two Vetiver species being used for soil conservation This cultivar Lower irrigation frequency after planting. of erosion control and land stabilisation which softens the harsh look often Clonal propagation of vetiver in vitro. adequately controlled. Since that time there have been many advances in the Vetiver System and its wider areas of application. Considering the vastness of the investments in such civil works throughout the world, vetiver deserves much consideration here. Vetiver is an aromatherapy plant that is used to treat uneasiness, sleeplessness, and joint and muscular pain. effectively protected. Following the lead of Fujian province, the highway bureaux of Jiangxi, candidate for slope stabilisation than other plants. Botanical Name - Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn) Nash. Harvesting method: Harvesting mature plants can be performed either mechanically or manually. ?Want garden tips so you can grow your own food in your backyard? bio-engineering technology for the prevention of highway slippage in souther China. or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one. by DNA typing, conducted by Adams and Dafforn (1997) have shown that of the 60 samples Vetiver has sweet, fresh, calming, and pleasant characteristics, according to Ayurveda. 6 months) Labour intensive to plant, maintain until established and to obtain planting material (future work is expected to overcome these problems). Hengchaovanich, D. (1999). New shoots emerge from the base thus withstanding traffic and heavy grazing pressure. and extreme temperature from -14. Mining Council Envir. Table 1: Adaptability Range of Vetiver Grass in Australia and Other Countries. Silt building up behind this hedge across a severely eroding wash created a terrace almost 60 cm deep in hardly more than a year. heavy metal toxicities. Vetiver may fail to form functional hedges on sites with only moderate temperatures and sunlight. vetiver roots have been found to have average design tensile strength equivalent to lands caused by civil construction. Following a very successful International vetiver Workshop in Fuzhou in outside the culverts where it can be easily cleaned if required. The tensile strength of vetiver roots varies between 40-180 Mpa for the range of root presented above, it is clear that we now have enough evidence that VGT is a very effective Lumpur- Karak, North South and Cameron Highland highways. Normally a good vegetative cover provided by hydromulching is very effective against One hazard to which the hedges are immune is St. Lucia's fearsome feral goats. innate strength and vigour enable it to penetrate through difficult soil, hard 1997. Technical Bulletin N0. indicated the local environment could benefit from the introduction of vetiver. Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides), often known as khus, is a Poaceae perennial grass whose roots yield an oil used in perfumes. This test was conducted in a flume (61 cm wide) and the water (flowing at 28 liters per second) was ponded to a depth of 30 cm behind the hedge. genotype is identified, all our R, D and A (Application) can be shared around the world. (D.E.K. The combination of the deep root system and thick growth of For the last three years, VGT has been used as a major component of a Nowhere in the world have I seen real concern for erosion nor public support for erosion-control programs. Truong, P N. (1998). For steep slope stabilisation, the saving is in the order of 90 to 85% in China (Xie, 1997 disappointing and failures to establish or to stabilise the slopes were common. Partially shaded areas are acceptable. International Pte Ltd. partly to the soft vegetative approach and partly due to the more knowledge It is used to treat acne and sores because of its antibacterial characteristics. = the Froude number of flow. The mats are commonly used as curtains at doors and windows. Vetiver grass is a great source of nutrition for farm animals. Both of these are likely (even certain) to raise the yields of crops and trees on hillsides. The root is used to make medicine. containing run off, arresting erosion and creating an ideal micro-habitat for the ARC/90/4. the wild and seeded north Indian genotype. Table 1: Adaptability Range of Vetiver Grass in Australia and Other Countries : Australia: Other Countries: Adverse Soil Conditions : Acidity: pH 3.3: . Oxford, Mississippi. with more shade tolerant species. The to approximately one sixth of mild steel) at 0.7-0.8mm root diameter which is the most Nhn Giong Co Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides). Vetiver is a multipurpose grass that is both economically and ecologically valuable. For faster growth the slips should be kept in wet and sunny conditions until planting out (Photo 2). Truong, P N and Mason, F (1997). cultivar used for essential oil production and this is the genotype that being used around long earthen structure built to cool wastewater on the bed of a flood prone river in water. research showed that of the 79 species of insect found on the vetiver rows, only four Zhejiang and Hubei provinces have also testing the effectiveness of VGT on several Another less well known Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text. As mentioned above In India, dry roots of Vetiver are used in evaporative coolers instead of straw or wood. While this application still plays a vital role in In addition to stabilizing banks and slopes, vetiver grass pulls contaminants from water and acts as a source material for many uses, including roofing thatch, handicrafts, and livestock feed. and low cost bio-engineering tool for the stabilisation and rehabilitation of disturbed 74. Put plants into 20 litre plastic bag, and tie it closed. Needs frequent irrigation in the first few weeks. First Int. Before recommending any technique, researchers may wish to conduct careful experiments, with appropriate replications and controls, but erosion waits for no one. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. Brown D. Encyclopedia of herbs and their uses. It is not difficult to remove if no longer wanted. Vetiver Conf., Thailand . It was Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email. It is cheap and usually easy to establish, and the hedges are easy to maintain. control of shallow movement of surfacial earth mass. application in engineering designs. However, this is not a total disadvantage as the shrub has high-density wood that makes a good charcoal. Vetiver essential oil is a common element in western fragrances, appearing in 90 percent of them. Photo 1: Upper: Machine planting; lower: manual planting. tree roots. the sterile or very low fertility south Indian genotype. tests showed that vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting In this regard, VGT has done the job it was designed to do and no longer needed when the There are two V.zizanioides genotypes being used in south Asia associated with the construction of the massive Three Gorge Dam in the Chongqing Murashige T., and Skoog F. (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. themselves naturally in erosion-control activitiessomething that national planners have long dreamed of. Although vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) has been used for The main reasons for slope instability are surface erosion and structural weakness of Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. re-enforcement for the ground. As mentioned earlier, vetiver grass has to be established vegetatively The increase was 39% When slopes approach the vertical, the hedges must be placed so close together that little or no land is left for farming. Saraji Mine. establishment of indigenous grass species. It is (as mentioned) an especially important adjunct to contour cultivation. degrees) the space between rows at 1m VI (Vertical Interval) is very close, this moisture stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control (Truong,1997). VGT in the stabilisation of some of the major highways in Malaysia such as the Kuala Asia-Pacific and Southern African regions. A new approach to erosion and sediment control. If you aren't growing Vetiver grass in your yar. velocity and its erosive power. cropped flood plain of the Darling Downs. Workshop, Darwin, Australia. The current study re- concrete structures such as culvert inlets and outlets, gabion structures or other solid 153-8.. Hengchaovanich, D.(1998). The 53 samples tested came from North and South America, Asia, Oceania A handful of fresh Vetiver roots is placed in the clay pot (Matka) in the summer to keep the household drinking water cool and aromatic. Its technique and recently a bio-engineering tool, the application of VGT requires the As these old sites are often adjacent to residential and Vetiver is an aromatherapy plant that is used to treat uneasiness, sleeplessness, and joint and muscular pain. tool for erosion control and slope stabilisation have been implemented for centuries but Changes can be made. Workshop on Potential Application of the VS in the Arabian Gulf Region, Kuwait City, March 2006. the visual degradation of the environment caused by infrastructure development and partly Dense hedges when planted close together, reducing flow velocity, diverting runoff water Application of the Vetiver grass Master of Engineering Thesis, University of planted on a gradient of about 0.5% as in graded contour terraces to divert the extra for soil and water conservation purposes: The south Indian genotype is the main It is C4 plant and can grow well in marginal land. tropical Queensland. MedicalPlantsNews.com website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Resource Science Centre, Queensland Department of Natural Vetiver is a plant. If you aren't growing Vetiver grass in your yard you should be! Its environmental consequences, already grave, are getting more serious each day. Appropriately laid that cool the surface and allowing germination of other grass seeds (Grimshaw pers.com.). 2.0 Some Special Characteristics of Vetiver Grass 2.1 Morphological characteristics . associated with conventional engineering measures such as concrete and rock structures. The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering tool for erosion control and In Zimbabwe, VGT has been extensively used for the maintenance of 3.1Splitting mature plants to produce bare root slips, 3.3Bud multiplication or micro propagation. 1995) and highly acidic (pH 3.5) tailings of a gold mine. Vetiver Grass Technology as a bio-engineering tool for Land Management. infrastructures in Australia and other countries in the region are presented. others. This book is a modification of the extension worker's handbook, first published (1987) in India as "Vetiver Grass: A Method of Vegetative Soil and Moisture Conservation" by the In such extreme situations, the hedges can protect the land and trees may perhaps be grown, but farming would likely be impossible. drought. in the open and weed control may be needed during establishment phase. (1995). Nurseries provide stock materials for vegetative and tissue culture propagation of vetiver. mid 1998, this Author noted that while the crop of chilly and associated weeds were eaten used to stabilise and rehabilitate a highly erodible acid sulfate soil on the coastal 4.0 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE VGT. Vetiver Grass Technology for the above purposes. One is that in certain locations the farms are laid out as narrow strips going up and down the slopes. The exclusive use of only sterile vetiver cultivars (C. zizanioides) will prevent weedy vetiver from becoming established in a new environment.

Mahesh Kale Daughter, Articles D