jim fox pizza net worth

When was Jim Fox born? Kladie draz na vhodn vber lnkov, aby boli npomocn vetkm itateom bez ohadu na rove finannej i ekonomickej znalosti. The rest of the shares are owned by other family members and a few employees. WebJames Fox Archived Record Murrysville, PA Previous President for Fox's Pizza Den, Inc. (724)733-7888 Overview 1 Companies 2 Connections 2 Locations Contribute Follow James Fox Overview James Fox has been associated with WebFox's Pizza Den is a pizzeria chain based in Murrysville, Pennsylvania, United States. Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. Kryptomeny patria do pekulatvnych finannch aktv, nakoko s vysoko volatiln, teda ich cena sa men vemi asto. I said, Im going to prove that we can make a good pizza, give good servicewe can grow, we can make money, we can keep our principles. , Treating others as you would want to be treated is a cornerstone of Donatos mission: To promote goodwill through products and services, principles and people.. He currently resides in Canada. If it has the blessing of the Grote family and Donatos, people are more likely to contribute and want to be a partner., The company is committed to maintaining its culture. Artisanal ingredients. WebJim Fox, president and CEO of Foxs Pizza Den, opened the first restaurant in March 1971 in Pitcairn, Pennsylvania. WebWith George Melville, a chartered accountant and Treliving's business consultant and later partner, in 1983 he bought the Boston Pizza chain from Ron Coyle. Treba poveda, e banky neposkytuj piky, ale very. History. Inventive to classic. Their only hesitation: Can we be bought by the worlds largest restaurant and keep our culture?. Some families sell their business outright to a private equity firm rather than selling a stake as a first step in a process. But were only going to do it if we can do it and be the best, if we can promote goodwill and have good principles.. We were changing the concept, we were building restaurants quickly, we were adding lots of people, Krouse recalls. Jim Grote and his family built Donatos into a successful pizza chain, then sold it to McDonald's. Jim Fox started working with pizza when he was 12, hanging around a local pizza shop filling soda machines and folding pizza boxes. The restaurants generated revenues of $166 million in 2012. Kliknutm na "Prija vetky" vyjadrte shlas s pouvanm VETKCH sborov cookies. No Possible cause of death was immediately released by closer relatives or constituted authorities. Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories . WebMichelle Noh was born in Newport Beach, California, United States, is Actress. Continue to the next page to see Jim Fox net worth, estimated salary and earnings. But he soon learned what Grote meant: We just made a promise to the customer: Were going to make the best pizza and get it there on time.. The 67-year-old reportedly makes $7 million a year and has accrued a net worth of $45 million. They, along with Krouse and other advisers, met on their days off to plan a strategy for reacquiring the company. itate sa nemus obva, e by sa v zplave informci strcal. Nie, neexistuj. DETAILS BELOW. Jim Fox (born May 18, 1960) is famous for being hockey player. Pri akcich je potrebn dva si pozor na volatilitu ich cien, o znamen, e ich cena sa zvykne asto meni. Cieom iFinancie.sk je ponka itateom overen a pravdive informcie, ktorm mu dverova. Jim Fox Death - Obituary Is Not Available: Jim Fox, Owner of Foxs Pizza has sadly and unexpectedly passed away, leaving his entire family, close relatives, and groups of friends in total devastation and sadness. Blazing oven + dedicated pizzasmith + 180 seconds = fast-fired perfection. Krouse worked on a long-term strategy for the company. WebThe estimated net worth of Jim is $989,561. Being young, I was going to keep it. WebToday, Donatos owns or franchises 155 pizza restaurants in seven states: Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Alabama. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. James Fox, founder of Fox's Pizza has passed away May 25, 2022 / 1:21 AM / CBS Pittsburgh PITTSBURGH (KDKA) -- The founder of Fox's Pizza Den has died. Piky bez dokladovania prjmu, nazvan niekedy aj piky bez prjmu, s tak very, na ktorch zskanie nie je nutn predloi potvrdenie o vke prjmu. Jim Fox is a Taurus and was born in The Year of the Rat. Proces podania iadosti je rchly a jednoduch a pika je zvyajne schvlen do niekokch mint. Many of Existuj platformy a strnky, kde je mon si takto piky vybavi. This article may not be posted online or reproduced in any form, including photocopy, without permssion from the publisher. Jim Fox (born May 18, 1960) is famous for being hockey player. WebJim Fox, president and CEO of Foxs Pizza Den, opened the first restaurant in March 1971 in Pitcairn, Pennsylvania. Pika na materskej, na rodiovsk prspevok, Pika pre nezamestnanch mini, SMS, bez dokladovania prjmu, Piky pre dchodcov dostupndo75 a 80 rokov, Zmenka druhy, vyuitie, o mus obsahova, Zoznam dlnkov banky, nebankovky, poisovne, Zruenie ivotnej poistky spsoby a dvody ukonenia poistenia, Zmluva o zaloen predkupnho prva ako vecnho prva vzor. WebFox's Pizza Den is a pizzeria chain based in Murrysville, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded in 1971 by Jim Fox in Pitcairn, Pennsylvania, and currently has more than 200 locations in 25 U.S. states, all franchise-owned. I was not really family, but I certainly believe in and understand the mission and culture of this company.. History. I didnt know if I really wanted to do it again, he says. A new CEO decided the company should focus on hamburgers again. Fox, who founded his eponymous national pizza chain 51 years ago, knew the name of every franchise owner of the chains more than 200 restaurants, said former Seward franchisee Tom Wynkoop. The 67-year-old reportedly makes $7 million a year and has accrued a net worth of $45 million. Abell, who is chairman, owns about 20% of the company; Grote owns 70%. Kegler says Grote and Abells leadership inspires others. Another issue was that as business picked up, customers had to wait longer for their pizzas. With $500, a rented storeroom and a few pieces of used equipment rescued from the snow and ice of a Pittsburgh scrap yard, Jim Fox fulfilled his lifelong dream of opening a pizza shop in his hometown of Pitcairn, Pennsylvania. How tall is Jim Fox? Havarijn poistenie ide o dobrovon poistenie, ktor kryje kody aj na strane toho, kto dopravn nehodu spsobil. The restaurants generated revenues of $166 million in 2012. Jim Fox started working with pizza when he was 12, hanging around a local pizza shop filling soda machines and folding pizza boxes. By 1995, the chain had grown to 95 restaurants in Western Canada with sales in excess of $110 million ( CA$ ). Bankov pika bez potvrdenia prjmu sa d zska len vprpade, e mte vdanej banke dlhiu histriu alebo ste zamestnan na trval pomer vSR. Sasn doba prina nespoet monost finannch aktv, do ktorch mono investova. The restaurant was in front of his house, and he would send customers there to wait. Jim Fox was born in Canada on Wednesday, May 18, 1960 (Baby Boomers Generation). Grote Co., started in 1972. DETAILS BELOW. When Abell and Grote bought the company back in December 2003, they faced a huge turnaround task. Okrem RPMN je potrebn bra ohad na rok, splatnos a poplatky. Jim Fox is 80 years old. Alternatvnou monosou piky od banky s spotrebn very. Jim has been married The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. As Grote tells it, his first reaction was, Are you kidding? Krouse became president and CEO. Copyright 2013 by Family Business Magazine. History. McDonalds had done a nationwide search for the chain that made the best pizza and had the most repeatable processes. Sbory cookie tretch strn sa pouvaj aj na analzu a pochopenie toho, ako pouvatelia pouvaj webov strnky. Odmietnutie niektorch z tchto sborov cookies vak me ovplyvni vae prehliadanie. He would say, One day youre going to see Donatos around the world. The hamburger giant was trying to diversify. He became the chief operating officer. He did so with equipment hed salvaged from a scrap yard in Pittsburgh along with a rented storeroom and just $500. Howard saw the Grote familys commitment again many years later, after his wife passed away in 2006. With $500, a rented storeroom and a few pieces of used equipment rescued from the snow and ice of a Pittsburgh scrap yard, Jim Fox fulfilled his lifelong dream of opening a pizza shop in his hometown of Pitcairn, Pennsylvania. WebWith George Melville, a chartered accountant and Treliving's business consultant and later partner, in 1983 he bought the Boston Pizza chain from Ron Coyle. No Possible cause of death was immediately released by closer relatives or constituted authorities. Fox's Pizza Den has been consistently ranked among the Top 25 pizza chains in the world. Fox's Pizza Den. Me s o akcie, dlhopisy, ETF fondy, podielov fondy, kryptomeny, nehnutenosti a podobne. WebNet Worth Requirement $200,000 Cash Requirement - $25,000 Royalty Fee $400/mo. Term of Agreement 5 years Is franchise term renewable? Today, Donatos has an advisory board that includes Grote, Abell, Abells brother Tom Grote, and the companys financial adviser. WebFox's Pizza Den is a pizzeria chain based in Murrysville, Pennsylvania, United States. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Jim Fox is 6-10 (208 cm) tall. He did so with equipment hed salvaged from a scrap yard in Pittsburgh along with a rented storeroom and just $500. You tell us what you want to do, Howard says. His stake alone was worth $263.2 million in 2018. Grotes daughter Katie worked for McDonalds for a time, then left to pursue other interests and move to Florida. Donatos is based in the Columbus, Ohio, area, where Jim Grote has his roots. Is Jim Fox Married Yes. No Possible cause of death was immediately released by closer relatives or constituted authorities. Cez brokera me investor nakupova rzne finann aktva (akcie, ETF fondy). WebJames Fox Archived Record Murrysville, PA Previous President for Fox's Pizza Den, Inc. (724)733-7888 Overview 1 Companies 2 Connections 2 Locations Contribute Follow James Fox Overview James Fox has been associated with This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Fox estimates systemwide 2004 sales at $110 million, which it says is up about 15% over the previous yearat a time when the segment's sales have been flat. Jim Fox (born May 18, 1960) is famous for being hockey player. WebJames Fox Archived Record Murrysville, PA Previous President for Fox's Pizza Den, Inc. (724)733-7888 Overview 1 Companies 2 Connections 2 Locations Contribute Follow James Fox Overview James Fox has been associated with Jeremy Robert Jim Fox is a British modern pentathlete and Olympic champion. Fox, who founded his eponymous national pizza chain 51 years ago, knew the name of every franchise owner of the chains more than 200 restaurants, said former Seward franchisee Tom Wynkoop. Vaka tomu, e kopruje trh tm, e dr rzne akcie spolonost, prpadne in druh finannho aktva, pomha zniova volatilitu a zniova riziko. It does not store any personal data. I always thought it was weird, Howard says. Z nich sa sbory cookies ukladaj do prehliadaa a s klasifikovan ako nevyhnutn, pretoe s potrebn na fungovanie zkladnch funkci webovej strnky. It was founded in 1971 by Jim Fox in Pitcairn, Pennsylvania, and currently has more than 200 locations in 25 U.S. states, all franchise-owned. The product stayed the same, but for everything around it, the pace at which change came was really quick., The McDonalds sale created a lot of uncertainty for employees, says Roger Howard, who started out sweeping and mopping floors at Donatos when he was 14 in 1967. Today, Donatos owns or franchises 155 pizza restaurants in seven states: Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Alabama. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. When was Jim Fox born? To s subjekty, ktor poskytuj piky dostupn pre iriu masu ud. To znamen, e by mal nakupova iriu klu finannch aktv a neinvestova peniaze, ktor si neme dovoli strati. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Donatos officials say that sales and profits are better than they were during the McDonalds era. Jim Fox was born in Atlanta, Georgia. More than 30 years later, Fox's name graces 218 pizza shops in 19 states. Akcie s finann nstroj, ktor je v podstate cenn papier o tom, e investor vlastn urit as spolonosti. Now back in the family's hands, the company owns or franchises 155 restaurants in seven states. Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories . Some franchisees are people who grew up in the Pittsburgh area eating Fox's Pizza, who moved to other parts of the country. It was complicated in a lot of ways by their [the Grotes] love for their people, the community and the way they do business.. Jim Fox weighed 230 lbs (104 kg) when playing. The sale let Grotes children, who all had shares in Donatos, pursue new interests if they wanted to. Others are people who've lost their jobs. Investments $111,550; Franchise fee $10,000; Year Brand Started 1971; Year Franchising Started 1974; Offices 230; Franchise details: Fox's Pizza Den Official site. Na zklade rznych analz sa sna uri, i je akcia nadhodnoten alebo podhodnoten a na zklade toho nakupova a predva. SMS pika je nebankov ver, ktor sa poskytuje zvyajne krtkodobo. In late 2010, Grote stepped back from his day-to-day responsibilities, and Abell became chairman. Dad would get us from our bedrooms, and we would go late at night in our pajamas and stand under the sign. Margaret Steen is a freelance writer based in Los Altos, Calif. Broker je spolonos, ktor sprstupuje investorovi prstup na burzy. Abell focused on the people and product, visiting stores. When he was 16, the owner offered to sell him the store, but his father said he needed to finish high school and go to college. (About one-third of the restaurants are company-owned; the rest are franchises.) DETAILS BELOW. How much did Jim Fox weigh when playing? Jim is a Taurus. Some franchisees are people who grew up in the Pittsburgh area eating Fox's Pizza, who moved to other parts of the country. Jim Fox Death - Obituary Is Not Available: Jim Fox, Owner of Foxs Pizza has sadly and unexpectedly passed away, leaving his entire family, close relatives, and groups of friends in total devastation and sadness. On the other hand, he says, having worked for publicly held companies, I understand the need for performance., Although this is his first time working for a family business, I dont think Ive ever felt more comfortable in my skin, Krouse says. Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. Source of Money. WebWith George Melville, a chartered accountant and Treliving's business consultant and later partner, in 1983 he bought the Boston Pizza chain from Ron Coyle. Jim Fox was born on April 7, 1943. Jim Fox (born May 18, 1960) is famous for being hockey player. What Happened To Jim Fox After his retirement from NHL due to Knee injuries, Jim was hired as the color analyst on the Kings television broadcasts. Cieom portlu je spstupni tieto tmy aj itateom, ktor s nimi nemaj bliie sksenosti. Source of Money. I was very emotional about it, and my brother was very excited about it. WebHow old is Jim Fox? WebThe company has spent over $500 million since late 2014 buying rental properties in Arizona, Florida and Georgia, including a recent $100 million buy of a upscale complex in the suburbs of Atlanta (see story, page 3 of this Business Journal issue). The regional chain has franchisees planning to open as far from home as Southern California. Is Jim Fox in the Hall of Fame? Every single store, part of their promise is to be a good neighbor, Abell says. Artisanal ingredients. Source of Money. Is Jim Fox in the Hall of Fame? Blazing oven + dedicated pizzasmith + 180 seconds = fast-fired perfection. Others are people who've lost their jobs. Fox estimates systemwide 2004 sales at $110 million, which it says is up about 15% over the previous yearat a time when the segment's sales have been flat. How much money is Jim Fox worth at the age of 62 and whats his real net worth now? WebThe company has spent over $500 million since late 2014 buying rental properties in Arizona, Florida and Georgia, including a recent $100 million buy of a upscale complex in the suburbs of Atlanta (see story, page 3 of this Business Journal issue). ETF fondy s relatvne bezpen nstroj, ktor diverzifikuje portflio investora. By the early 1990s, Donatos had 17 stores and was continuing to expand. 5/24/2022 Jim Fox, the founder of Foxs Pizza Den, died Saturday at the age of 74. Our people are still there. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Trust white paper on business exit planning found that education on options and early preparations correlate with owner satisfaction upon completion of the rocess. For reprint information, contact bwenger@familybusinessmagazine.com. Is Jim Fox Married Yes. Pika do 24 hodn bez dokladovania prjmu, porovnanie 2023, Piky online ihnena et, rchla, nonstop. What Happened To Jim Fox After his retirement from NHL due to Knee injuries, Jim was hired as the color analyst on the Kings television broadcasts. WebAs of 2023, Jim Foxs net worth is $100,000 - $1M. The aptly-named Juicy Pizza opens June 12 on La Brea, and is a collaboration led by Tyra Myricks, daughter of Jam Master Jay by Farley Elliott Jun 9, 2021, 8:12am PDT Share this story This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Thats my baby. Jej vhodou je, e poiada o u je mon nonstop a vaka vybaveniu me tto pika prs ete dnes na et bez vieho asovho zdrania. In 200, they bought the company back -- when it was losing millions of dollars. That was exciting for me, especially coming from a real poor area, he says. One bottleneck was putting on pepperoni. While Donatos was owned by McDonalds, Tom Krouse, now the president and CEO, was recruited from Wendys to lead the companys marketing efforts. Fox's Pizza Den. Please check back soon for updates. She later became chief people officer. Her older brother, Tom Grote, graduated two years before she did, from Miami University. Were not selling our place., My dad was expressionless, Abell recalls. The restaurants generated revenues of $166 million in 2012. Fox, who founded his eponymous national pizza chain 51 years ago, knew the name of every franchise owner of the chains more than 200 restaurants, said former Seward franchisee Tom Wynkoop. How much did Jim Fox weigh when playing? It was founded in 1971 by Jim Fox in Pitcairn, Pennsylvania, and currently has more than 200 locations in 25 U.S. states, all franchise-owned. When she was a child, People from the restaurant were always at our house, Abell remembers. alou monosou s piky od ud, tzn. The year after the family bought the company back from McDonalds, they say, Donatos made $10 million more than it had in the prior year. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. (Grote did not finish college owing to the restaurants success and the workload associated with growing the business. Those who know the Grotes are impressed by the familys values. The one that made good pizza and wasnt stingy with toppings, his nights were busier than the other guys, who watered down sauces and stretched toppings, Grote recalls. Pri kadej pike i vere mus by napsan vka RPMN (ron percentulna miera nkladov). SMS piky s pohodln a rchly spsob prstupu ku krtkodobm pikm. Portl iFinancie.sk prina itateom novinky z finannho, pikovho a prvneho prostredia. What Happened To Jim Fox After his retirement from NHL due to Knee injuries, Jim was hired as the color analyst on the Kings television broadcasts. Howard had been Donatos vice president of operations for about five years when McDonalds purchased the company. (There are 100 pieces on a large pepperoni pizza from Donatos.) At the time it was run by a seminarian and open only on weekends. They were impressed with McDonalds corporate culture and with the companys plans for Donatos. iFinancie.sk poskytuje svojim itateom kvalitn obsah. Others are people who've lost their jobs. (About one-third of the restaurants are company-owned; the rest are franchises.) Jim Fox Death - Obituary Is Not Available: Jim Fox, Owner of Foxs Pizza has sadly and unexpectedly passed away, leaving his entire family, close relatives, and groups of friends in total devastation and sadness. Donatos was up for sale. When was Jim Fox born? The education details are not available at this time. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Grote recalls his daughters reaction: Weve got to get this company back. In addition to a Mexican restaurant (Chipotle) and a chicken restaurant (Boston Market), it wanted to acquire a pizza chain. We always worked for the family and we always knew what was expected of us, Howard says. Jim Fox is 80 years old. He was selected 10th overall by the Los Angeles Kings in the 1980 NHL Draft. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Takto very maj prevane nebankov spolonosti. The turnaround was [achieved] because our people started caring again, Abell says. For a guy who had hardly even left Columbus, I ended up flying a lot of miles, he says. Many of Blazing oven + dedicated pizzasmith + 180 seconds = fast-fired perfection. Pasvne investovanie je vtedy, ke investor pravidelne nakupuje urit druh finannho aktva dlhodobo s cieom dra ho v dlhodobom horizonte. Along the way, Grote looked for ways to improve efficiency and consistency. Jim Fox was born in Atlanta, Georgia. WebToday, Donatos owns or franchises 155 pizza restaurants in seven states: Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Alabama. Our bedroom would blink every single night, Abell says. Grote soon discovered two key challenges to succeeding in the pizza business: consistency and speed. Obsah webu je psan dostupnou formou pre vetkch jeho itateov. Pizza was relatively new to Columbus then, and the company that hired Grote had no equipment. Jim Fox started working with pizza when he was 12, hanging around a local pizza shop filling soda machines and folding pizza boxes. Aby sa investor vyhol riziku, odpora sa diverzifikova svoje portflio. They wont have jobs, and there are people who have been with us since we started.. He became a sports broadcaster after retiring, joining Bob Miller on Fox Sports. As Abell puts it, We dont have to be the fastest, we dont have to be the biggest, but we believe that we have a destiny.. Former winger who played his entire NHL career, nine seasons total, for the Los Angeles Kings. Once when Howard was about 18, an intoxicated customer gave him a $10 tipa huge amount at that timefor a pizza he delivered. Artisanal ingredients. That goal required a significant amount of capital, which made the idea of selling to McDonalds more appealing, Kegler recalls. WebAbout Us - Fox's Pizza. James Fox, founder of Fox's Pizza has passed away May 25, 2022 / 1:21 AM / CBS Pittsburgh PITTSBURGH (KDKA) -- The founder of Fox's Pizza Den has died. Taurus is ruled by Venus, the enchanting planet that governs love, beauty, and money. Krouse likes the fact that the company can easily invest in a bakery facility if needed, without worrying about Wall Streets quarterly expectations. Fox's Pizza Den. WebThe estimated net worth of Jim is $989,561. Jim Fox is 6-10 (208 cm) tall. Many of It took about three months for us to get to the point to say, OK, were going to sell, Abell says. He noticed that one of the owners was generous with pizza toppings and the other stingy. These are some of my earliest recollections and why emotionally I am so connected to this business, Abell says. Six Best Practices for Selling or Transferring Your BusinessSelling or transferring a business can be a life-changing event. Like their celestial spirit animal, Taureans enjoy relaxing in serene, bucolic environments, surrounded by soft sounds, soothing aromas, and succulent flavors. 5/24/2022 Jim Fox, the founder of Foxs Pizza Den, died Saturday at the age of 74. Jim Fox weighed 230 lbs (104 kg) when playing. Grote started delivering papers at around ten years old and got his first job at a pizza restaurant when he was 13. Kegler remembers asking Grote what his long-term vision was for the company; Grote replied that he wanted to sell Donatos pizza all over the world. With money tight, Grote and his four siblings got jobs as soon as they could. Inventive to classic. Donatos stores sponsor local sports teams, for example, and work with schools and other non-profits in their local communities. Inventive to classic. The regional chain has franchisees planning to open as far from home as Southern California. The aptly-named Juicy Pizza opens June 12 on La Brea, and is a collaboration led by Tyra Myricks, daughter of Jam Master Jay by Farley Elliott Jun 9, 2021, 8:12am PDT Share this story In both cases, its wise to do your homework. Ak je rozdiel medzi PZP a havarijnm poistenm? But Abell made it happen with her excitement. Grote and Abell both put in money to buy the company back. Jim Grote, 70, and his daughter, Jane Grote Abell, 46, are the only family members currently working for the company. The decision to sell was really tough, says Chuck Kegler, a partner in the law firm of Kegler Brown Hill & Ritter, which has been working with Donatos since the 1980s. The value of treating customers well stuck with Grote. Jim Fox was born in Atlanta, Georgia. Tom also stayed for a few years before leaving to go to business school. Former winger who played his entire NHL career, nine seasons total, for the Los Angeles Kings. Jim Fox is a member of Richest Celebrities and Hockey Players. Term of Agreement 5 years Is franchise term renewable? In 1999, McDonalds approached Donatos out of the blue. Jim has been married Spravidla funguj tak, e maj vlastn aplikciu, kde si je mon vetko jednoducho sledova a nakupova i predva. He is 62 years old and is a Taurus. Grote and his other three children stayed involved in the company after the sale. You decide. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional".

The Ultimate 21 Day Intermittent Fasting Program Autumn Bates Pdf, Funding Credits Wiki, Can Shazam Breathe In Space, Residential Construction Companies In Orlando, Fl, Articles J